Reasoning is the process for making clear how your evidence supports your claim. Argumentation dung preferences nonmonotonic reasoning logic programming theabstractnatureofdung sseminaltheoryofargumentationaccountsforitswidespread application as a general framework for various species of nonmonotonic reasoning, and, more generally, reasoning in the presence of con. Argumentation frameworks based on contextual preferences. It presents the formal features of a few features of a few main approaches to. Reasoning about preferences in argumentation frameworks. When used thus, the framework becomes a general framework for argumentation with structured arguments.
His diagrams of the structure of the arguments used in evidential reasoning are precursors of the diagrams in todays argument mapping software tools kirschner et al. Choose from 500 different sets of reasoning and argumentation flashcards on quizlet. In many applications, however, argumentation frameworks may be developed independently. Prakken, relating ways to instantiate abstract argumentation frameworks. It is also worth mentioning that some of these simple properties are not satisfied by some existing preferencebased argumentation frameworks. A festschrift in honour of trevor benchcapon on the occasion of his 60th birthday, pp. Imperial college london abstract my work focuses on using argumentation theory to model commonsense reasoning with preferences. Understanding effective reasoning introduction argumentation is not a very well understood aspect of human communication.
Rich preferencebased argumentation frameworks oatao. To this end, i have equipped a wellestablished structured argumentation formalism, assumptionbased argumentation, with a preference handling. In what follows, we assume that f a, r is an arbitrary argumentation framework where a is finite. Reasoning about preferences in structured extended. A tutorial on assumptionbased argumentation ios press. Argumentative reasoning patterns this paper is aimed at presenting a preliminary study on argument schemes. This paper proposes a new family of semantics which rankorders arguments from the most acceptable to the weakest ones. Making informed decisions with provenance and argumentation. The author concludes by examining forthcoming research perspectives. However, it was soon recognized that already these simple frameworks show high complexity see, e. Learn reasoning and argumentation with free interactive flashcards. Methods for solving reasoning problems in abstract. One example of integration is the argumentation software library argkit. Parts 25 basic components, structure and logic of argumentation 2.
Bipolar argumentation frameworks bafs are an important class of argumentation frameworks useful for capturing, reasoning with, and deriving conclusions from debates. Understanding logical argumentation, structure, and reasoning 1. Many frameworks have been developed to help identify highquality student reasoning when it occurs in classrooms. This report describes a vehicle for encapsulating the quality attribute knowledge needed to understand a systems quality behavior as a reasoning framework that can be used by nonexperts.
Although automated reasoning is considered a subfield of artificial. In order to support such interchange, an abstract ontology for argumentation is presented, which serves as an interlingua between various more concrete argumentation languages. Probabilistic reasoning with abstract argumentation. An abstract framework for argumentation with structured arguments. Reasoning frameworks could be applied to software architectures to help guide initial decisions or to source code as a means to justify reduced testing effort.
From knowledge representation to argumentation in ai, law and policy making. In this paper we study two special classes of extended argumentation framework. Progressive defeat paths in abstract argumentation frameworks. There exist some extensions of the dungs framework, like the logicbased argumentation frameworks or. This survey discusses the main ideas that characterize different logical models of argument. Probabilistic reasoning with abstract argumentation frameworks. Citeseerx reasoning about preferences in structured. The word, argumentation, has connotations of being combative, contentious, unpleasant and quarrelsome. In scientific argumentation, clear reasoning includes using scientific ideas or principles to make logical connections to show how the evidence supports the claim. First, extended argumentation frameworks extend dung frameworks with attacks on attacks, thus providing an abstract dialectical semantics that accommodates argumentationbased reasoning about preferences over arguments. Existing semantics are solely based on the attacks and do not take into account other important criteria like the intrinsic strengths of arguments. The central role of abstract argumentation frameworks also boosted research on efficient procedures for this particular formalism.
Reasoning frameworks july 2005 technical report len bass, james ivers, mark h. Understanding logical argumentation, structure, and reasoning. Our framework builds on more general developments in the area of computational models of argument. Argumentation as a general framework for uncertain reasoning. Reasoning about preferences in structured extended argumentation frameworks. Automated reasoning is an area of cognitive science involves knowledge representation and reasoning and metalogic dedicated to understanding different aspects of reasoning. There is a number of frameworks for computational models of argumentation. A multiagent argumentation framework to support collective reasoning.
The problem of solving certain reasoning tasks on afs is the centerpiece of many advanced higherlevel argumentation systems. In this paper, we study how argumentation with preferences models human intuition behind a particular decision making scenario concerning reasoning with rules and preferences. Revisiting abstract argumentation frameworks springerlink. Assumptionbased argumentation with preferences kristijonas cyras. Using clinical preferences in argumentation about evidence. It is, however, a way for people to justify their beliefs and behaviours and to influence the thoughts. In our work, we use reasoning frameworks as part of two different technologies. If several such frameworks are developed, there may be arguments that are included in some but not all, and there may be disagreement with respect to the attack relation. The earliest accounts of argument schemes were advanced in arthur hastings ph. The second part of the book deals with reasoning with preferences, and includes chapters dedicated to preferencebased argumentation, preferences database queries, and rankordering outcomes and intervals.
Extended argumentation frameworks are used to determine what arguments are justified. Regardless, the essencepackaging the knowledge needed to analyze quality behaviorsis the same. This allows argumentation based reasoning about information normally assumed to be metalevel to the object level domain of argumentation, including argumentation over preferences, values and the. Publications research groups imperial college london. First, we study how preferences issued from differences in strengths of arguments can help in argumentation frameworks. Argument schemes are stereotypical nondeductive patterns of. They have the potential to make solid contributions to realworld multiagent systems and humanagent interaction in domains such as legal reasoning, healthcare and politics. Reasoning about preferences in argumentation frameworks tr. An argumentation system consists of a set of interacting arguments and a semantics for evaluating them.
However, preference information is often itself defeasible, conflicting and so subject to argumentation. In particular, the formal approach of abstract argumentation frameworks afs introduced by dung has aroused much interest of research. The study of automated reasoning helps produce computer programs that allow computers to reason completely, or nearly completely, automatically. On the bipolarity in argumentation frameworks semantic scholar.
This paper combines two recent extensions of dungs abstract argumentation frameworks in order to define an abstract formalism for reasoning about preferences in structured argumentation frameworks. Modgil, s reasoning about preferences in argumentation frameworks. Argumentation as a general framework for uncertain reasoning joh,n fox, paul krause and morten elvangg0ransson t advanced computation laboratory, imperial cancer research fund, london, uk abstract argumentation is the process of constructing arguments about propositions, and the assign ment of statements of confidence to those propo. In existing research, preferences have been widely. Logical models of arguement formalize commonsense reasoning while taking process and computation seriously. Moreover, we consider the scenario when assessments on the probabilities of a subset of the arguments are given and the probabilities of the remaining arguments have to be derived, taking both the topology of the. Were upgrading the acm dl, and would like your input. The abstract nature of dungs seminal theory of argumentation accounts for its widespread application as a general framework for various species of nonmonotonic reasoning, and, more generally, reasoning in the presence of conflict. Further integration is planned with other applications currently under development.
Hence, in this paper we extend dungs theory to accommodate arguments that claim preferences between other arguments, thus incorporating metalevel argumentation based reasoning about preferences in the object level. The cognitive and metacognitive processes of reasoning, using evidenceinformed knowledge within omt are the central components to expertise of practice in omt. Rankingbased semantics for argumentation frameworks. Argumentation theory has provided several sets of forms such as deductive, inductive and presumptive patterns of reasoning. In this paper, we propose a survey of the use of bipolarity in argumentation frameworks, i.
Using clinical preferences in argumentation about evidence from clinical trials anthony hunter dept. In existing research, preferences have been widely discussed within argumentation frameworks 7, however. Argumentation is an established branch of ai dedicated to this task. This paper proposes an aspicbased metalevel argumentation logic for reasoning about preferences over arguments. It thus is also suitable for modelling reasoning with argument schemes, which currently is an important topic in the computational study of argument cf. Most work on argumentation frameworks has investigated a single structure.
Rankingbased semantics for argumentation frameworks leila amgoud and jonathan bennaim irit cnrs abstract. Thus, the above mentioned work on resolutions of frameworks 9, 26 can now be extended to account for the use of preference arguments in obtaining such resolutions. On logical specifications of the argument interchange format. Argumentation is a form of reasoning that makes explicit the reasons for the conclusions that are drawn and how con. On logical specifications of the argument interchange. An argumentation framework based on contextual preferences cpaf is a tuple where a is a set of arguments, r is a binary relation representing a defeat relationship between arguments, c c1, cn is a set of contexts, is a complete preordering on c c, prefi is a partial or complete preordering on a a. On the bipolarity in argumentation frameworks semantic. A general account of argumentation with preferences.
The theory of argumentation is actively studied, both formally and nonformally van eemeren et al. In concrete terms, you represent an argumentation framework with a directed graph such that the nodes are the arguments, and the arrows represent the attack relation. Reasoning about and discussing preferences between arguments. Students often have difficulty making their reasoning clear in an argument. Moreover, we propose a scheme used to verify the quality of statements and select those more preferred because they are retrieved with a more reliable, accurate or trustworthy process. Master the machinery of logic, and you have a mental occupation always at hand that will be of real use to you in any subject you take up. Rather than extending aba frameworks and modifying the semantics, the approach followed is to provide a mapping from different forms of reasoning with preferences onto standard aba without preferences, in the spirit of keeping the underlying argumentation framework as simple as possible while supporting rich forms of reasoning. The theory of argumentation is actively studied, both formally and. Students often have difficulty making their reasoning clear in. Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. Advanced clinical reasoning skills are central to the practice of omt physical therapists, ultimately leading to decisions formulated to provide the best patient care.
Extended argumentation frameworks eafs modgil 2009 were developed to enable reasoning about preferences over arguments by incorporating arguments that claim preferences over other arguments. May 20, 2016 argumentation is an established branch of ai dedicated to this task. Clinical reasoning is employed to underpin the framework detailed in this document. The online corpus provision is an extension of the araucaria project.
Rich preferencebased argumentation frameworks sciencedirect. Recently argumentation has become a major topic of artificial intelligence. Araucaria itself is conceived to be compatible with other tools. To understand why another agent draws a certain conclusion it is necessary to understand and communicate preferences over arguments. First, extended argumentation frameworks extend dung frameworks with attacks on attacks, thus providing an abstract dialectical semantics that.
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